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TED-Ed

TED-Ed

22,800,000 subscribers

👁 2,855,496 views

Can 100% renewable energy power the world? - Federico Rosei and Renzo Rosei

Video Overview & Insights

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— @TEDEd

View full lesson: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/can-100-renewable-energy-power-the-world-federico-rosei-and-renzo-rosei

Every year, the world uses 35 billion barrels of oil. This massive scale of fossil fuel dependence pollutes the earth, and it won’t last forever. On the other hand, we have abundant sun, water and wind, which are all renewable energy sources. So why don’t we exchange our fossil fuel dependence for an existence based only on renewables? Federico Rosei and Renzo Rosei describe the challenges.

This is an oportune time to integrate Diode Arrays into computer circuitry. This can be done by hybridizing dispersed tiny tiles of Diode Arrays with voltage stabilizing components with everything in good thermal intimacy.

Aloha
Charles M Brown
Kilauea, Kauai, HI 96754

— @Charles.MBrown

Lesson by Federico Rosei and Renzo Rosei, directed by Giulia Martinelli.

Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! David & Pamela Fialkoff, Miami Beach Family, Kostadin Mandulov, Kyoung-Rok Jang, Alex Schenkman, Hachik Masis Bagdatyan, Sdiep Sriram, Ivan Todorović, Antero Semi, Yanuar Ashari, Mrinalini , Anthony Kudolo, Scott Gass, Querida Owens, David Lucsanyi, Hazel Lam, Jhiya Brooks, Manav parmar, Dwight Tevuk , Stephen A. Wilson, Siamak H, Minh Tran, Dominik Kugelmann, Michel Reyes, Katie Winchester, Mary Sawyer, Ryan Mehendale, David Rosario, Samuel Doerle, Be Owusu, Susan Herder, Savannah Scheelings, Prasanth Mathialagan, Yanira Santamaria, Chad Harper, Dawn Jordan, Constantin Salagor, Activated Classroom Teaching, Kevin Wong, Umar Farooq, Goh Xiang Ting Diana, Mohammad Khory, Dmitry Neverov, Tushar Sharma, Mukamik, Cristóbal Medina Moenne, Silas Schwarz, Fabio Peters, MJ Tan Mingjie, Yansong Li, Jason A Saslow, Michael Aquilina, Joanne Luce, Ayaan Heban, Henry Li, Elias Wewel, Kyle Nguyen, Taylor Hunter, Noa Shore, Lex Azevedo, Merit Gamertsfelder, Bev Millar, Rishi Pasham, Jhuval, SookKwan Loong, Daniel Day, Nick Johnson.

A simple checkpoint experiment will give a srong reality check of the Diode Array being able to rectify and then aggregate Johnson Nyquest thermal electrical noise power.

A THz capable diode in parallel with a low leakage high capacity capacitor with leakage equal for either polarity hypothically should repeatedly build up a consistent low voltage consistent polarity charge intermittently readible with a high quality instrument within a well shielded enclosure. Thousands of people worldwide could do this.

Aloha
Charles M Brown
Kilauea, Kauai, HI 96754

— @Charles.MBrown

More User Perspectives

@

0726
I am the owner and inventor granted public domain US patent 3,890,161A  titled DIODE ARRAY, filed in 1973, granted in 1975, and opened to the public domain in 1992. I retain public atribution for writing a plausible concept synthesized from technology circa 1973. The main elements of the synthesis are THz rectifiers based on tungsten needles tipped with thin oxide abuting a nickel plate used in the rectification of 88THz coherent infra red waves at the National Bureau of Standards and the pattern delineation of ultrafiltration screen membranes made by Millipore Inc. The membranes were described as more suitable than they actually are by Scientific American magazine so their discription served as inspiration instead of a way for easy development.

Diode arrays plausibly deenergize heat by slowing down mobile electrons that heat endlessly moves to the exact extent that diodes passively allow the forward motion of thermal energy mobilized electrons into the negative voltage peak of the attached electric circuit and restricting the reverse motion yielding net direct current electrical energy. This phenomena is known as Johnson Nyquest thermal electrical noise power.

This noise power has been known to be rectifyable with little component deterioration since the development of reliable crystal diodes for AM radio signal demodulators. Diodes, once manufacturung energy is invested in them, don't require external energy to operate for a long time as demonstrated by ancient pottery shards which show how well rigid solids retain their physical features. Electromigration in electrical devices is usually minor. Plausibly diodes can produce enough energy in their lifespan to replicate themselves many times.

Diodes have efficiency losses which are returned as heat reducing the conversion performance but not the equality of the cooling compared to the electrical yield. There is a net residue of open bandwidth intermittant direct current electrical excursions from each diode.
Capacitive reactance beyond the diode junctions will be smoothed away by the great multitude of random phases. Matched groups of diodes in parallel can be connected in series to increase the operating voltage of electrical power systems.

Calculated electrical power output in watts delivered to a matched load resistance is k (Boltzman's constant), one point three eight times 10^ minus 23, times T (temperature Kelvin) times bandwidth (0 Hz to ~2 THz @ 290 K) times rectification halving and nanowatt power level rectification efficiency which is 50% inprecicely known times the number of diodes in the array. This is ~2 nanowatts per diode.

Thermal electron noise power has the same average kt*bandwidth power for any source resistor. In this mechanism a diode has the same power forward and backward partially obeying Lèon Brillouin's theorem of detailed balance. However, in a parallel consistent alignment diode array plausibly supplying aggregated power to a matched load there are plausibly two considerations. The first consideration is that power transfer to the array load is better fitted to the lower resistance forward conductivity. The second consideration is that a great number of diode sources in consistent  alignment parallel will maintain the net voltage of the collection of sources at increased current while a matching load resistor or equivalent group of resistors as a low resistance sink of net source current will be poorly fitted to counteract the sometimes non zero but zero average thermal nolse voltage of its own. These two considerations plausibly falsify the detailed balance by breaking symmetry. A diode's responsive change is small at low power levels. However cooling and exported electrical energy are always equal.

There are a hundred million measurment cells of 10000 square nanometer area each per square millimeter, 10 billion per square centimeter.

Here is a sketch of a diode array made of Lanthium hexaboride cone diodes abutting graphine layers at the cone bases and tips within a slab:

Positive out
●●●●●●●●●●●● graphene
\                      /
  \ conical   / solid
    \ LaB6   / Al2O3
      \ pore/ matrix
        \    /
         \ / solid to solid join
●●●●●●●●●●● graphene
Negative out

The nanometer scale Lanthium hexiboride cone tips inject electrons into the ajacent graphene layer which is a two dimensional conductor from which the electrons don't reverse flow into the small area tips. The much larger area cone base receives electrons from its ajacent graphene layer. The thermal motion of the electrons within the cones is rectified.

Optimin dimensions of features in the diode array need to be determined by prototyping.The first proof-of-concept prototypes may use random orthoginal fission fragment or heavy ion track seeding which prepares the Aluminum oxide matrix for nanometer scale conical pore etching. Later prototypes would add steps to optimize the lateral spacing of the cones.

Plausibly modern nanofabricated diodes can be made at nanometer scale that can be aggregated to be practical diode arrays at a wide range of power levels.

Let's reframe Earth's low diversity abundant ambient heat as a thermal energy waypoint between heat and other forms of energy.
As the polarity filtered electrical energy is exported, the amount of thermal energy in the group of diodes decreases. This group cooling will draw heat in from the surrounding ambient heat at a rate depending on the filtering rate and thermal resistance between the group and ambient gas, liquid, or solid warmer than absolute zero. There is always a lot of ambient heat on our planet, more on equatorial dry desert summer days and less on polar desert winter nights.

Go ahead and start to build something inspired by this introduction without my involvement.We can meet after there is solid crowd verification.
Please share the successes and setbacks of experiemental efforts. The topic deserves crowd financing, discussion and prototyping attempt action. Crowd development would be resistant to people leaving, confiscation, or burial. At best there could be science quality colaboration.

After small scale prototypes of various types are made with widely developed processes many enterprises will be able to think of appropriate scale production.
There is no need to have one manufacturer emerge. All competent manufacturers should develop their processes without exclusivity or forced dominance. I don't think I have outstanding abilities at this phase so I'll help but mainly get out of the way.

Energy sensible refrigerators that absorb heat and yield electricity would complement computers as computing consumes electricity and yields heat. Computing would be almost free. Chips could have energy recycling sophisticated srructures combining microscale heat pipes and light and electricity paths built in.

Full heat recycling, all electric, very isolated underground, undersea, or space communities would be highly survivable with reduced ElectroMagnetic Pulse pickup which eases further protection, self sufficient LED lit automated vertical farms, thaw resistant frozen food storehouses, amphibious factory submarines, nonstandard dwellings, self contained elevators, safe rooms, and free range transports.Some electrical equipment groups could be consolidated into local networks when suitable. Liquid nitrogen cooled superconducting networks would become practical. Fire safes would maintain contents at a desired temperature in extreme heat or cold for years. Waste sorting, and mineral crushing and pulverizing would be cheaper. Underground desalination plants could be built. Autonomous nontoxic underground earthmoving equipment can be developed.

In a flourishing civillization, small self sufficient electric or cooling devices of many kinds and styles, lamps, smartphones, hotplates, water heaters, cooler chests, fans, radios, TVs, cameras, security devices, robots and robot test equipment, scales, transaction terminals, wall clocks, open or closed for business luminous signs, power hand tools, ditch diggers, pumps, personal transports, and cryogenic liquid or slurry based fire extinguishers would be available for immediate use incrementally anywhere as people as individuals or larger social groups see fit. Human enobeling communities could be built quickly.

If a high majority thinks our civilization should geoengineer gigatons or teratons of greenhouse gasses out of our environment, hypothetically networked instalations, either a few big ones or many small ones it could build them using clean electricity, heat, or refrigeration.

Undesired chemical products could be kept within an industrial system which stores, distributes, and processes them cheaply until only desirable products emerge.

These devices would probably become segmented commodities sold with minimal margin over supply cost. They would be manufactured by advanced automation that does not need financial incentive. Applicable best practices would be adopted. Business details would be open public knowledge. Associated people should move as negotiated and freely and honestly talk within a planetary diversified cooperative conglomerate. There is no need of wealth extracting top commanders. We do not need often token philanthropy from the top if the wide majority of people can afford to be generous.

Aloha
Charles M Brown
Kilauea, Kauai HI 96754

@Charles.MBrown
@

The statement about battery energy density compared gasoline ignores the low efficiency of energy conversion translating burning gasoline into motion. The efficiency of an electric motor is far higher than an internal combustion engine.

@theharper1
@

I don’t think we’ll be completely free of fossil fuel energy, but I do think we should prioritize renewable sources to prolong our fossil fuels as much as possible.

@godzilla964
@

This deserves way more attention than it’s getting!

@AbdulAziz-he2qg
@

How we build renewable energy that only need 50% dependency to capitalism?
Since capilatistic system around the globe is the main cause of all the chaos right now

@timorart
@

I believe in Thanos.

@theyouth2429
@

I’m dangerously confident now. Thanks a lot.

@ChukwudiOnuigbo-f6z
@

This kind of content deserves millions of views!

@MartyWasex
@

Absolute perfection, what a tutorial!

@ErikLira-v4j
@

I learned so much I need to lie down and recover.

@Porterash-y2g
@

I’m absolutely energized after watching this!

@BoyerAngelah
@

yessssss

@yoli170
@

Utter fantasy.

@amiava4213
@

I didn’t expect to learn, yet here I am—smarter and stunned.

@ShamsumuaazBello
@

I understood this so fast I checked my pulse.

@อัฟนันมะดาโอ๊ะ-ป9ฮ
@

I understood this so fast I checked my pulse.

@HilarioAnibal
@

well explained 👍

@kalusonawane2771
@

Thank you, this was super insightful.

@JbdsabdbasvdsbsvNsbbdbBdbnsdd
@

helpful explanation

@payalraut7614
@

informative video

@PedroDiaz-x1r
@

You made learning actually fun!

@syberhachem
@

quality content

@salmanqureshi8107
@

really useful

@MohamedOuedraogo-x4d
@

wos wirkli?

@Dap08000
@

Barels
fossil fuels
Use up
on the flipside =
At this rate
coal
abundant
existence
~0:47

통,석유한통
화석연료
다써버리다
=on the other hand
이런식으로는
석탄[koul]
풍부한
존재,생활

@user-dk2yg6qd2g
@

Ethiopia will power the horne of Africa in renewable energy.completion of it's dam,planing to have nuclear plant,geothermal &solar powerplants are few examples

@AmsaluBelay-u7x
@

My confusion is currently crying in the corner.

@BhiraiahSangepu-o6o
@

My brain actually applauded. That has never happened before.

@BroganPrattws
@

I understood this so fast I need a moment to process my new identity.

@Abdoul-AzizVALIAN
@

This completely changed the game for me!

@ShohylShohyl-n2y
@

My brain actually applauded. That has never happened before.

@EkopalKasmul
@

This video deserves a global holiday in its honor.

@TDf-k1f
@

Whoever made this video deserves a trophy and a parade.

@JafevuviRgdvycer
@

haha! monsters I.N.C movie

@arlissavaughn1377
@

Loved how you broke it down.

@FlorenciaHooper
@

67777

@AntonioManuelMutuc
@

You always make things clear.

@CynthiaStansbury-t1l
@

This was both fun and useful.

@loubnael-u2o
@

This was super helpful.

@ShirleyMollett
@

Loved how you broke it down.

@DhsksmsbAhaiakab
@

The visuals made it easy to follow.

@hanh-n1i
@

Thanks for posting this.

@croplightspam3166
@

What about plastic and fertilizer pharmaceuticals and 50,000 products oil makes

@Emmmalayla
@

This was surprisingly useful.

@AmMai-y5q
@

This deserves more subscribers.

@AbulKashem-r1g
@

Really enjoyed your perspective.

@QuanDinh-k5x
@

I really enjoyed this one.

@KorenHorst