HELP us understand American English!
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Please take our survey for speakers of North American English here: https://script.google.com/macros/s/AKfycbyNdVal-lokHtFQk5Ja6-ALFrYyBnO47JUySqh3AzlKtsU4HEsR7NnCK1dyR0iKriZiog/exec
Native speakers are often (and notoriously) influenced by the pronunciation of the most commonly used forms of words, not just spelling. To wit: at 29:50 you said pro-noun-ciation. Pro-nounce is fine, but there's a NUN in proNUNciation. I was shocked when I was young to hear my father and uncles all say pro-noun-ciation. Even more shocked to hear you say it!
And please share the link! Thank you!
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As linguist/teacher/voice coach who makes native-sounding speakers, my focus is on MAXIMUM SIMPLICITY for ESL learners. Stop inventing new symbols in most cases. No complex phonemitization required where basic rules are concerned to speak a particular accent. For example, in GenAm, no glottal stop character is ever needed for transcriptions, because there are RULES that can be remembered. Example: If a plosive is followed by any consonant sound, the general rule for GenAm to STOP. HARD. FAST. And WAIT before going to the next sound, as the glottal stop establishes the consonant. I don't need to transcribe that for students (except for in-the-moment explanations) because I'm only teaching rules of habit for a given dialect. Likewise, phonemes like the so-called 'wedge' are explained but then disregarded - not used. We already have a symbol for syllable stress, and the schwa and wedge are pronounced identically in the most General of American English. So, KISS (KEEP IT SIMPLE, STUPID). For GenAm, most unstressed syllables have no vowel formation; it's just a fast sound made in the shortest distance between two consonants, the closest of which is /ɪ/, not /ə/, for most unstressed syllables. As such, 'schwa' is disregarded in most cases. For most GenAm speakers (60%+ of US and Canada), we don't say Chris-muss, but rather Chris-miss (as does almost everyone in rapid everyday speech). /'brɛk-fist/, not /'brɛk-fəst/. So for NON-REGIONAL GenAm, it's mostly /ɪ/, not /ə/ for unstressed syllables, unless (in some cases) the vowel is followed by an /l/ or an /m/.
Discord https://discord.com/invite/UBWMy5wqZY
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Fr Grogg, I would say, don't overthink this and don't get lost in details
We Americans and you as our British cousins still have lots in common along with the differences in our regional accents. American dictionaries tend to default to an American Midwestern accent, as do news and TV and movie personalities, with other accents as variants, and usually a note for chiefly British spelling, usage, or pronunciation besides Would a consultation with etocan dictionary phonologists help?
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0:00 Introduction
Love it …’inventree’……
4:36 Phonemicization
6:53 Minimal pairs
Two things going on: MW and AHD and other American )USA) fictionaries trying loose phonetic spellings for the general public, so sometimes a few ways to show the same sound that will make sense to kids and adults. Then also trying to showw regional dialect variations with one or more spellings, either flexible or alternative. That try to account for these while giving good accurate guides and balance the camps of non- versus prescriptive . For example, my house mates and neighbors each have different American accents based on region and age and ethnicity and education, including city versus rural. I would also note even in my own accent, I vary some depending on stress or unstressed emphasis, speed, or social register. How closely am I watching my speech, who am I talking to, etc. A few things are fluid, such as which words I use for plural you. I mostly use school / business textbook English (US), but I grew up with both y'all and you guys
Llli lhla r a big city Texas accent, college educated, so more neutral. Another term used is Standard Midwestern American, often the target accent for tv news, at least formerly. And hearing UK, Australia , Indian, etc dialects also influences modern speakers.
7:33 Complementary distribution
10:17 Neutralization
When it comes to "pier" , "tier" ans so on and so forth, could the rhoticity of AE in way justifies a distinct phonemicization from most BE variants, at least RP and SSBE? SSBE has the consonant /p/ and a vowel diphthong , whereas AE has a consonant /p/, then a a vowel /i/ and a final phoneme or phonemes (a schwa terminated by an r-sound).
12:56 'North American English'
16:08 Flapping
Do not believe her. LOL
19:42 Cot-caught, pin-pen
21:04 STRUT-commA
Us Aussies don't have "er" sounds, we have "a" or "ahhhhhhh". :P . Not being too serious BTW.
22:52 Weak vowels
24:10 Vowels and R
To me, the schwa vowel is very hard to pin down. It can take on flavor of the KIT, DRESS, or STRUT vowels depending on not only the word it is in but other words around it, without actually being any of them. It can also become R-colored, which again changes it slightly (for me, "dirt" seems like "dərt").
25:16 Merry-marry-Mary
25:56 Near, story, tour
No no in the South we are the ones who pronounce Pin and Pen differently. You just hear ONE southern accent and think that is characteristic of ALL OF THEM...!
26:47 Murmur
29:10 Native speaker intuitions
Inventry 😨
More User Perspectives
18:40 hagagaghahahaa
@tomasbeltran04050I get the sense that British and American English have drawn slightly closer together in recent years. I don't blame the internet alone. I think it started with Harry Potter and how much reading of British editions American kids did. What do you think? Do Brits send more "mail" than they used to? Do Americans "queue up" more often than before?
@Sparkle_SingsI have given up on American (English), both written and spoken, because of often incomprehensible pronunciation, and the use of words that do not occur in English. In my own field of study, I cannot bear to hear even educated Americans talking about Ar'dic and An'ardic with no attempt to pronounce them as they are spelt. And there is more than enough written and spoken in English to last for the rest of my life, without bothering myself about what happens on the other side of the Atlantic.
@FAS1948I reject your analysis of what’s going on in “speech.” Yes, the /p/ is unaspirqted, but remove the “s” at the start and to me “peach” with an unaspirated /p/ DOES NOT sound like “beech.” I would accept it if you said /b/ becomes an unaspirated /p/ after “s,” but I reject the characterization that /p/ becomes /b/ after “s.”
@Aaa-y5u1iMuch of American English, my "native" language, is based on laziness. People object to having to study it. And Ebonics? I'm not a racist, but it's absolute primitive garbage.
@MusicFromNowhereThe Mormon Later Day Saints climb ladders
@bjdon99No The Big Lebowski clip :(
@zekleinhammerAll I know is we need a way to distinguish caulk from cock. Same exact sound where I live.
@travisfinucaneDr. Lindsey's interest in American English makes me as an American feel so special
@jenm1So would some Americans pronounce all these words the same: cat cot caught cart cad cod cord card? To me they are all distinct.
@cabalamat2289My morphology prof (I teach ESOL) was British and an RP speaker, teaching in the US, and he absolutely insisted that bah and bar had the same vowel in general American (rhotic) English (i.e., that the A was not colored by the R). It drove me nuts.
@nandam3779As a... Floridian. I have had many rocks on how to explain it in the survey. The U and R do weird stuff together. I put a y in pure, Europe, and security, and I skipped the u in sure, pressure and surely.
@8-bitfox716I have certainly experienced the cot/caught merger. I used to work in an American elementary school where teachers often had little rhymes for performing actions with the small children. To get them to sit still on the floor cross-legged they would all say ‘criss-cross, apple sauce’. As a Brit, I just couldn’t pull it off.
@ellyllbach2222Of course it's hard it's GOD'S LANGUAGE duh
@RoyalKnightVIIILong-time Southern-California native raised by two parents who are also long-time Southern-California natives...
All of our "r"s are extremely pronounced... to the point that if "r" follows a vowel, it always swallows it and turns into it's own vowel-sound in the process. There's around... four main variants of this "r" vowel sound that correspond with the general regular vowel-sounds. "air" as in "air", "ear" as in "ear" and "oar" as in "oar". "ir" and "ur" share sounds as in "bird" and "lure" (same pronunciation for both of those) and it's this one that is the most common out of all of them (it's how the ending "er" is pronounced most of the time). Also this weird "r" where the "r" is pronounced like the name for "r" (like in "car") This makes spelling extremely difficult to learn as there's so many different ways to write these "-r" sounds while there's so few ways to pronounce them. What is weird to describe about all off these is that the back of my tongue is preparing to make this sound almost at the same time it is pronouncing the consonant sound that comes before the vowel that the "r" is after, which leaves no space for a "clean" vowel sound without the "influence" of the "r" in it. It's possible to run through all five of these sounds with the same preceding consonant with something like... "bared", "beard", "board", "bird" and "barred". The only thing changing in those for me is that "r" vowel variant in the middle...
Southern-California accents are (in-)famous for their tendency for up-talk and vocal fry which turns a lot of the unstressed "uh" sounds into "i" as in "pit"... so long as you're talking at the normal pace and pitch. When I slow down then all those "i"s turn back into "uh"s and occasionally "a"s if they were that before they got turned into "uh"s initially. This also complicates spelling as then you've got multiple pronunciations to pick from for which vowels make the word up...
Tried to take the survey and what comedy. The letter "R" truly is a vowel, so I found myself clicking "neither of the above" way too often.
@bozimmermanθɛəŋksfɚjɚvɪdioʊzjɚəmeɪzɪŋ
@powerfullysocratic6614I hate these videos that say "American English" is this or that. When there can be more than 20 different accents (and different ways of pronouncing words) in the US, and probably more than 30 in all of the UK where you're including Ireland and Scotland.
@atlnla4112You linguists have the rare gift of making simple things completely ununderstandable, sorry!
@hans-jorgciesinski8878We love a good phonemics survey. So excited to see the results someday
@alexrawlings541Yank here, from the Midwest. My own pronunciations don't consistently follow any of those dictionaries' approaches, they're all over the place! I took the survey, and boy were some of those difficult to classify. Best of luck with the project!
@RadioactivFlyGeneral American English is an ideal, not a real accent but it is what we train broadcasters to use. The closest natural accent to it is midwestern city kind of. It is suppose to make the newscaster understandable for the whole country so it takes sound-bits from everywhere.
@AmyTribble-e1dThere’s a twenty one pilots song with the lyric “out of student loans and treehouse homes, we all would take the latter” which only works as a pun/double entendre because we pronounce latter and ladder the same way! How interesting. Great video!
@moriahvignola26:35 At least in my Canadian accent, the "o" in "story" is actually an "oo" like in "moose"!
@wofi784"Dictionry"
@ClippyVirtualAssistantWith the introduction of online dictionaries that also have British and American audio versions of pronunciation, I thankfully almost never have to decipher the written pronunciation guide 😅
@AlexaOrchidI definitely have the caught/cot merger but I do have the unmerged cought vowel—or something similar that’s between a straight ah and o—in some words, like borrow or ethanol.
@cnidarianglow1041As an American, general American definitely has caught cot sounding the exact same
@highgroundproductions8590Interesting — but WAY to many ads
@lisaroddy540112:55 it sounds like /iːʑɪ/ to me
@YEWCHENGYINMoeIn my midwestern accent, words like Lincoln is /linkn/ with syllabic-n and murmur is /'mrmr/
@nathanmcknight187Why are diphthongs counted as separate vowels in English? Spanish also has ei, ai, and others.
@LisandroLoreaMy brain is legitimately exhausted after that survey, like I took a difficult and important test in school. @_@
@MynAnthony16:38 when I say ready and then a word with a t like ‘to’, it also is a flap. “Ready to go” for example has a flap on ‘ready’ and a flap on ‘to’
It’s interesting!
19:59 northeastern american here, I have the cot caught distinction but it's relatively subtle, and depending on the situation it wouldn't be super weird for me to have them sound the same.
@samk24078:53 hands down the best example/explanation of complementary distribution I've heard
@groot-z3di think the term “general american” is useful like ideal gas law in chemistry
it’s a very useful tool to understand how the dialects work in general, but it’s not actually accurate to how the real world works
My /d/ is always a flap, even outside of intervocalic environments. I’ve also heard a friend of mine pronounce glottalized t as a flap. It’s all over the place.
@nyles3339